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setlocale

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

setlocale — Imposta i parametri di localizzazione

Descrizione

string setlocale ( mixed $category , string $locale [, string $... ] )

string setlocale ( mixed $category , array $locale )

Il parametro category è una costante (o stringa) che indica la categoria di parametri coinvolta nelle impostazioni locali:

LC_ALL la somma di tutte le seguenti categorie
LC_COLLATE per i confronti di stringhe, vedere strcoll()
LC_CTYPE per la classificazione dei caratteri e le conversioni, ad esempio strtoupper()
LC_MONETARY per localeconv()
LC_NUMERIC per il separatore decimale (vedere anche localeconv())
LC_TIMEper la formattazione di data e orario con strftime()

Nota: Dalla versione 4.2.0 di PHP il passaggio di category come stringa è deprecato; piuttosto utilizzare le precedenti costanti. Passare quelle costanti come stringa (all'interno di apici) darà come risultato un warning.

Se il parametro locale è NULL oppure una stringa vuota "", i nomi locali saranno impostati dai valori delle omonime variabili d'ambiente, oppure da "LANG".

Se il parametro locale vale "0", le impostazioni localizzate non vengono toccate, ma vengono restituiti i valori correnti.

Se il parametro locale è una matrice oppure è seguito da parametri addizionali, allora si tenterà di impostare ciascun elemento, o parametro, fino a quando non si ha successo. Questo è utile se l'impostazione locale è nota sotto differenti nomi in sistemi differenti oppure per prevedere più casistiche qualora alcune non fossero disponibili.

Nota: Il passaggio di molteplici impostazioni non è possibile prima di PHP 4.3.0.

La funzione restituisce le nuove impostazioni locali, oppure FALSE se la funzionalità di localizzazione non è implementata sul sistema, se l'impostazione richiesta non esiste, oppure se il nome della categoria non è valida. Un nome di categoria non valido genera anche un warning. I nomi delle categoria possono essere trovati nella » RFC 1766 e » ISO 639. Differenti sistemi hanno differenti schemi di denominazione delle impostazioni locali.

Nota: Il valore restituito da setlocale() dipende dal sistema su cui gira il PHP. La funzione restituisce fedelmente quello che la funzione di sistema restituisce.

Suggerimento

Gli utenti di Windows potranno trovare informazioni utili per il parametro locale sul sito MSDN di Microsoft. Le stringhe di linguaggio supportate possono essere trovate in » http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_language_strings.asp e le stringhe identificanti i paesi/regioni alla pagina » http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_country_strings.asp. I sistemi Windows supportano la codifica a tre lettere ISO 3166-Alpha-3 per identificare i paesi/regioni ISO 3166-Alpha-3, tale codifica può essere reperita nel sito » . .

Example #1 Esempi di uso di setlocale()


<?php
/* Impostazioni locali in tedesco */
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'nl_NL');

/* Visualizza: vrijdag 22 december 1978 */
echo strftime("%A %e %B %Y", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 22, 1978));

/* tenta i differenti nomi possibili per le impostazioni tedesche, dal PHP 4.3.0 */
$loc_de = setlocale(LC_ALL, 'de_DE@euro', 'de_DE', 'de', 'ge');
echo "Preferred locale for german on this system is '$loc_de'";
?>

Example #2 Esempio di uso di setlocale() perWindows


<?php
/* Impostazioni locali in tedesco */
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'nld_nld');

/* Visualizza: vrijdag 22 december 1978 */
echo strftime("%A %d %B %Y", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 22, 1978));

/* tenta i differenti nomi possibili per le impostazioni tedesche, dal PHP 4.3.0 */
$loc_de = setlocale(LC_ALL, 'de_DE@euro', 'de_DE', 'deu_deu');
echo "Preferred locale for german on this system is '$loc_de'";
?>

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Last updated: Fri, 18 Jul 2008

add a note User Contributed Notes
setlocale

de ronino at kde (reverse it)
25-Jun-2008 11:43


I experienced the behavior stated in the above Warning box: Running PHP5 on a multithreaded Apache made the current locale change sometimes all of a sudden within a script, so strftime() output wasn't in the required format.



I recompiled Apache with the prefork MPM and now it works like a charm. Took me a long time to find out the reason as I overlooked the warning box searching for either a bug report or a programming error of mine...

jonas at jonashaag dot de
27-May-2008 09:11


On Ubuntu, you have to take p.e. "de_DE.utf8", all available languages you can get with:

    locale -a

Georg
04-Apr-2008 11:31


To set locale to 'de_DE' on my Debian 4 machine I had to:

- uncomment 'de_DE' in file /etc/locale.gen and afterwards

- run locale-gen from the shell

bryn AT lunarvis DOT com
21-Jan-2008 02:04


Posting this in the hope it might be useful to others, as I could find very little info anywhere. If you want to use a Welsh locale and have the suitable language support installed, you pass 'cym' (abbreviated form of Cymraeg) to setlocale:



<?php

setlocale(LC_TIME, 'cym');

$welsh= gmstrftime("%A, %B %Y - %H:%M",time());

echo $welsh;

?>



The above certainly applies to Windows systems, but should also apply to Unix if the required support is installed.



Cheers,



Bryn.

ostapk
27-Dec-2007 11:39


There is a new PECL extension under development called intl (it will be available in PHP5.3). Meanwhile all who rely on the setlocale() and friends should be aware about the limitations of them as covered in this post on the onPHP5.com blog: http://www.onphp5.com/article/22

Periklis
13-Sep-2007 11:33


In *some* Windows systems, setting LC_TIME only will not work, you must either set LC_ALL or both LC_CTYPE and LC_TIME. BUT if you have already set LC_TIME using setlocale earlier in the script, dates will not be affected! For example:

<?php

setlocale(LC_TIME, 'greek');

setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 'greek');

?>

will not work, while 

<?php

setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 'greek');

setlocale(LC_TIME, 'greek');

?>

will do the job.

mvanbaak
09-May-2007 02:03


To complement Sven K's tip about debian:



You can also install the package locales-all

That one holds all the locales there are in compiled form.

szepeshazi at gmail dot com
19-Feb-2007 04:11


For those of you who are unfortunate enough (like me) to work in Windows environment, and try to set the locale to a language _and_ to UTF-8 charset, and were unable to do it, here is a workaround.



For example to output the date in hungarian with UTF-8 charset, this will work:



    $dateString = "%B %d., %A";

    setlocale(LC_ALL,'hungarian');

    $res=strftime($dateString);

    echo(iconv('ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', $res));



If anybody knows how to set the locale on Windows to the equivalent of "hu_HU.UTF-8" on unix, please do tell me.

lifeless
20-Nov-2006 06:40


if your server is an ubuntu (debian like)

you need to install the locales you want (default is english and your language) go to aptitude and install -language-pack-*-base it will resolve dependencies and will try to install a suggested package, remove it if you don't care and proceed.

Clayton Smith
26-Sep-2006 08:15


If you already have all the locales installed and "locale -a" is only showing a few languages, then edit /etc/locale.gen and add a line, e.g., es_MX ISO-8859-1.  After you add the line, run the command locale-gen for it to generate the locales based on those settings.

Sven K
08-Jun-2006 12:08


If your system doesn't show any installed locales by "locale -a", try installing them by "dpkg-reconfigure locales" (on debian).

08-Mar-2006 09:17


The example from bruno dot cenou at revues dot org below shows the possibility, but I want to spell it out: you can add charset info to setlocale.



Example:



Into my utf-8-encoded page I want to insert the name of the current month, which happens to be March, in German "März" - with umlaut. If you use



   setlocale(LC_TIME, 'de_DE');

   echo strftime("%B");



this will return "M&auml;rz", but that html-entity will look like this on a utf-8 page: "M?rz". Not what I want.



But if you use



   setlocale(LC_TIME, 'de_DE.UTF8');  // note the charset info !

   echo strftime("%B");



this returns "M√§rz", which, on utf-8, looks like it should: "März".

bruno dot cenou at revues dot org
20-Feb-2006 03:31


A little function to test available locales on a sytem :



<?php

function list_system_locales(){

    ob_start();

    system('locale -a'); 

    $str = ob_get_contents();

    ob_end_clean();

    return split("\\n", trim($str));

}



$locale = "fr_FR.UTF8";

$locales = list_system_locales();



if(in_array($locale, $locales)){

        echo "yes yes yes....";

}else{

        echo "no no no.......";

}



?>

Edwin Martin
20-Feb-2006 01:29


Debian users: Addition to Gabor Deri's note: if setlocale doesn't work in your locale and you're on Debian, and Gabor Deri's note doesn't work, you have to install the locales package.



As root, type: "apt-get install locales" and it will be installed.

glenn at europlan dot no
30-Nov-2005 08:55


In most Unix/Linux system, you could use:



locale -a



This will list all available locales on the server.

birkholz at web dot de
15-Aug-2005 05:42


When i tried to get the current locale (e.g. after i set the lang to german with setlocale(LC_ALL, 'de_DE'); ), the following did not work on my suse linux 9.0-box:

$currentLocale = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);

This code did a reset to the server-setting.



$currentLocale = setlocale(LC_ALL, 0); works perfectly for me, but the manual says NULL and 0 are equal in this case, but NULL seems to act like "".

pigmeu at pigmeu dot net
18-Oct-2004 10:42


!!WARNING!!



The "locale" always depend on the server configuration.



i.e.:

When trying to use "pt_BR" on some servers you will ALWAYS get false. Even with other languages.



The locale string need to be supported by the server. Sometimes there are diferents charsets for a language, like "pt_BR.utf-8" and "pt_BR.iso-8859-1", but there is no support for a _standard_ "pt_BR".



This problem occours in Windows platform too. Here you need to call "portuguese" or "spanish" or "german" or...



Maybe the only way to try to get success calling the function setlocale() is:

setlocale(LC_ALL, "pt_BR", "pt_BR.iso-8859-1", "pt_BR.utf-8", "portuguese", ...);



But NEVER trust on that when making functions like date conversions or number formating. The best way to make sure you are doing the right thing, is using the default "en_US" or "en_UK", by not calling the setlocale() function. Or, make sure that your server support the lang you want to use, with some tests.



Remember that: Using the default locale setings is the best way to "talk" with other applications, like dbs or rpc servers, too.



[]s



Pigmeu

dv at josheli dot com
13-Aug-2004 01:04


On Novell Netware, the language codes require hyphens, not underscores, and using anything other than LC_ALL doesn't work directly.



So... (from their support list)....



You have to set TIME, NUMERIC etc. info in two steps as given below rather than one. This is due to the limitation of setlocale function of LibC.

<?php

   setlocale(LC_ALL, 'es-ES');

   $loc = setlocale(LC_TIME, NULL);

   echo strftime("%A %e %B %Y", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 22, 1978));

  // jeuves 22 diciembre 1978

?>

This should work.



or of course, reset LC_ALL...

<?php

setlocale(LC_ALL, 'es-ES');

echo strftime("%A %e %B %Y", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 22, 1978));

setlocale(LC_ALL, '');

// jeuves 22 diciembre 1978

?>

bogdan at iHost dot ro
02-Mar-2004 11:53


On some systems (at least FreeBSD 4.x) the format for a `locale' is, for example, ro_RO.ISO8859-2. If you use ro_RO instead setlocale will return FALSE. Just browse in /usr/share/locale and see what is the name of the directory holding your `locale' and use that name in your scripts:



<?php

  clearstatcache();

  $pos = strrpos ($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"], "/");

  $fisier = substr ($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"], $pos + 1);

  $result = filemtime ($fisier);

  $local = setlocale (LC_TIME, 'ro_RO.ISO8859-2');

  if ($local == "ro_RO.ISO8859-2") {

    $modtime = strftime '%e&nbsp;%B&nbsp;%Y&nbsp;%H:%M', $result);

  } else {

    $modtime = strftime ('%d.%m.%Y&nbsp;%H:%M', $result);

  }

  printf ("Ultima&nbsp;actualizare: %s\\n", $modtime);

?>

mk at totu dot com
26-Jan-2004 01:59


Be carefull - setting a locale which uses commas instead of dots in numbers may cause a mysql db not to understand the query:


<?php


setlocale(LC_ALL,"pl");


$price = 1234 / 100; // now the price looks like 12,34


$query = mysql_query("SELECT Id FROM table WHERE price='".$price."'");


?>


Even if there is a price 12.34 - nothing will be found

r dot nospam dot velseboer at quicknet dot nospam dot nl
09-Sep-2002 04:02


be careful with the LC_ALL setting, as it may introduce some unwanted conversions. For example, I used 



setlocale (LC_ALL, "Dutch");



to get my weekdays in dutch on the page. From that moment on (as I found out many hours later) my floating point values from MYSQL where interpreted as integers because the Dutch locale wants a comma (,) instead of a point (.) before the decimals. I tried printf, number_format, floatval.... all to no avail. 1.50 was always printed as 1.00 :(



When I set my locale to :



 setlocale (LC_TIME, "Dutch");



my weekdays are good now and my floating point values too. 



I hope I can save some people the trouble of figuring this out by themselves.



Rob

jorg-spamm at omnimedia dot no
03-Jul-2002 08:23


I needed to compile and install some extra locales to get this to work on RH7.3. Probably just me not doing a proper installation, but this is what it took to fix it:



localedef -ci no_NO -f ISO_8859-1 no_NO

elindset at hoved dot net
12-May-2002 11:59


In FreeBSD I had to use no_NO.ISO8859-1 instead of just no_NO..



<?PHP

    setlocale (LC_ALL, 'no_NO.ISO8859-1');

    echo strftime ("%A %e %B %Y", time());

?>

misc dot anders at feder dot dk
19-Jun-2001 03:13


Under FreeBSD, locale definitions are stored in the /usr/share/locale/ directory. Danish time formats and weekdays, for instance, are stored in /usr/share/locale/da_DK.ISO_8859-1/LC_TIME.

noog at libero dot it
24-Nov-2000 12:13


On windows:


Control Panel->International Settings


You can set your locale and customize it


And locale-related PHP functions work perfectly

Morgan Christiansson <mog at linux dot nu>
29-Mar-2000 10:56


check /usr/share/locale/ if you want more info about the locale available with your *NIX box





there is also a file called /usr/share/locale/locale.alias with a list of aliases


such as swedish for sv_SE





so on all boxes i have accounts on (rh 6.0 and slack 3.4) you can just use setlocale("LC_ALL","swedish"); or other prefered language in plain english.





However, the weekdays were in all lowercase :(





Note: export LC_ALL=swedish made a lot of programs swedish for me, it's also possible to make them russian or japanese :)

Lucas Thompson <lucas at slf dot cx>
31-Jan-2000 11:57


The Open Group has an excellent document available on the setlocale() library function, most of which applies to the PHP function of the same name.





http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xbd/locale.html





WARNING: This document might be a little too complex for people who came from HTML to PHP.





If you migrated from the world of C programming you'll be a locale master after reading this document.

add a note

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Last updated: Fri, 18 Jul 2008